Introduction to Web Technology
Introduction
Web technology is the mechanism that enables two or more computing devices to communicate over a network. It involves using hypertext markup language (HTML), cascading style sheets (CSS), and multimedia software packages.
Web technologies include:
- The basics, which will cover web browsers and some web development fundamentals.
- Programming languages and frameworks which are used in the development of websites.
- Databases that are used at the backend to store data required or collected by websites.
- Protocols, that is rules for communicating on the web.
- Graphics, audiovisual, and other multimedia elements.
- Some data formats that are usually used to transmit data over the internet.
Client-Side Scripting
It is performed to generate a code that can run on the client end (browser) without needing server-side processing. These types of scripts are placed inside an HTML document. It is designed to run as a scripting language utilizing a web browser as a host program. When a user makes a request via browser for a webpage to the server, it sends the HTML and CSS as plain text, and the browser interprets and renders the web content on the client end. Some of the client-side scripting languages are: JavaScript, HTML, CSS etc.
Uses of Client-side scripts:
- Makes interactive web pages
- Sends requests to the server
- Works as an interface between user and server
- Provides remote access for client-server program
Server-Side Scripting
It is the method of designing websites to run the process or user request on the originating server. Server-side scripts provide an interface to the user and limit access to proprietary data and help keep control of the script source code. Some languages used to create these scripts are ASP, Javascript(like node.js), Perl, PHP, R, Ruby, etc.
Uses of Server-side scripts:
- Displays the requested pages
- Interaction with databases
- Structure of web applications
- Encoding of data into HTML
Differences between Client-Side Scripting and Server-Side Scripting:
| Client-side scripting | Server-side scripting |
|---|---|
| Source code is visible to the user. | Source code is not visible to the user. |
| It usually depends on the browser and its version. | In this, any server-side technology can be used and it does not depend on the client. |
| It runs on the user’s computer. | It runs on the webserver. |
| It does not provide security for data. | It provides more security for data. |
| It is a technique used in web development in which scripts run on the client’s browser. | It is a technique that uses scripts on the webserver to produce a response that is customized for each client’s request. |
| HTML, CSS, and javascript are used. | PHP, Python, Java, Ruby are used. |
Internet Technology
Internet technology refers to devices, software, hardware, and transmission protocols used to connect computers together to receive or send data from one computer to another within a small network or as part of a small network within a larger network, such as the Internet. It includes local-area networks (LANs), wide-area networks (WANs), bridging, switching, routing, voice and data integration, wireless integration, network security, and network management.